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Causal Agent:
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV)
Several strains have been reported.
Vector:
Thrips (Thrips tabaci and Frankliniella species)
Distribution:
Worldwide
Symptoms:
The first visible symptom is small, orangish-yellow flecks on the older
leaves. Later the leaves develop small, dark, more or less circular
spots which gives them a bronzed appearance. The growing tips of the
leaves may die as the disease progresses. Dark, shiny streaks are often
seen along the stem and petioles. Severely infected plants are stunted
with yellowish drooping foliage which imparts a wilting appearance to
the plant. Fruit usually show characteristic green, yellow and red,
slightly raised concentric rings, although some strains can cause severe
necrosis.
Conditions for Disease Development:
This virus has a very wide host range from which it can be transmitted
in a persistent manner by thrips. Although the virus is acquired at the
larval stage it is only spread by the adults which are wind-blown to
tomatoes from infected weeds or ornamental plants. Usually there is very
little spread within a tomato crop.
Control:
Elimination of thrips and host weeds through insecticide and herbicide
applications is important for disease control. Resistant varieties
should be used when possible.
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Foliage
yellowing and wilting
Necrotic
tent lesions.
symptoms.

Yellowing
and bronzing leaf symptoms. Yellow chlorolic rings on
the fruit.

White
concentric rings Deformed fruit with diffuse
rings.
on the fruit.
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